What Is Water of Hydration

Water of hydration is water that is stoichiometrically bound into a crystal. While the water is found within a crystal, it is not directly bonded to a metal cation. Crystal salts containing water of hydration are called hydrates. Also Known As: water of crystallization, crystallization water How Water of Hydration Forms Many crystals form from particles dissolved in water or aqueous solutions. Its common for some of that water to be incorporated into the framework of a crystal. Usually, heating a crystal drives off water of hydration, but the structure of the crystal is lost. Water of Hydration Example Commercial root killers often contain copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4 ·5H2O) cyrstals. The five water molecules are called water of hydration. Proteins typically contain around 50 percent water within their crystal lattice. Nomenclature Water of hydration may be indicated a few different ways: (1) For a compound consisting of a hydrate with coordinated water, the formula is written: hydrated compound(H2O)n Example: ZnCl2(H2O)4 (2) When a compound contains lattice water, but its stoichiometric ratio changes or is unknown, the formula may be written simply: hydrated compound ·nH2O Example: CaCl2 ·2H2O (3) The notations may be combined: Example: [Cu(H2O)4)SO4 ·H2O

Essay about Michael Moore’s Capitalism A Love Story

Michael Moore used comical tactics as a way to appeal to his audience in this piece of literature. Michael Moore’s argument is that capitalism is destroying the nation’s economy rather than helping to develop it. The poor are suffering, while the richer are getting richer. The arguments that Moore used may not be considered tangible by all, but he definitely did have the evidence to support his argument. Michael Moore purpose was to expose this ground breaking issue of the dominance of corporate America through video. He used the web source as a source to get his message across because he knew the internet would be accessible to many people. Moore in this film used the different elements of reasoning to identify the message he was sending†¦show more content†¦Michael Moore believed that the money that the Government used to bail out the banks could have put to better use. The government took the American’s hard worked money to bail out the banks, as well for their personal benefits. Michael Moore went to some extreme measure to help the people, such as placing yellow tape around some federal building such as JP Morgan Chase, Bank of America and so forth, sending a message to the banks that people wanted their money back. Moore, himself went on behalf of the American people to confront the individuals of corporate America. Moore’s argument was solid and had evidence to support his argument. Another firm argument that he had was that capitalism was not helping out nation or economy, but it was only making the middle class and the poor people suffer. Michael could not figure out why the economy was in such shambles when people were still paying their taxes. Michael decided to do some more research and found that a judge was handing out long term juvenile sentences under false pretense. For example, a young found smoking pot the judge ordered the teenager to serve four months, but instead of serving four months she spent almost a year. Michael did some more digging and found that the longer the juveniles stay locked the money goes into the private jail owners pocket. Although some would say that the film seemedShow MoreRelatedPerversions of Capitalism in Michael Moores Capitalism: A Love Story660 Words   |  3 PagesCapitalism came into being as a social and economic system when private individuals or corporations--as opposed to the state or classes of people--began to build businesses where the goal was profit motivated for the self-interest of the owner. This is opposed to a socialist system where the business may be owned by the state and/or profiting the state. In an ideal world, it is the economic establishment of the individual right for self-accomplishment. The private individual/corporation succeedsRead MoreBiography of Michael Moore: Leftist Firebrand and Documentarian1423 Words   |  6 PagesMichael Moore: Leftist firebrand and documentarian Many of Michael Moores documentaries focus upon the class wars Moore believes are simmering beneath the surface of American society. In the case of Sicko, the class war is between the needs of middle-class and poor Americans versus the financial interests of large, powerful health insurance companies. Unlike health insurance companies, consumers do not have lobbyists in Washington influencing politicians to represent their interests. Health insuranceRead MoreThe Free Enterprise of Capitalism in Capitalism: A Love Story, Michael Moore759 Words   |  3 PagesWhat is Capitalism? Is it a free enterprise where industries and trading are privately controlled? According to Michael, Capitalism is ‘a system of taking and giving, mostly taking’. In the documentary Capitalism: A Love Story, Michael Moore tackles the issue of Capitalism in a never ending quest to educate society. Capitalism: A Love Story directed by Michael Moore is a one-sided representation of Capitalism and its negative effects and irresponsibly promotes unlawful revolt against the governmentRead MoreA Critique Of Capitalism : A Love Story ( 2009 ) By Michael Moore Essay1821 Words   |  8 PagesNeoliberalism in the 21st Century: The Failure of Marxism in a Critique of Capitalism: A Love Story (2009) by Michael Moore In this sociological study, an analysis of the rise of neoliberalism and the failure of Marxist ideology in the film Capitalism: A Love Story (2009) by Michael Moore. Moore’s film emulates the failed attempts to control and regulate a capitalist system that exploits the worker and the general public for the greater monetary profit of the ruling classes. In this system, theRead MoreCapitalism Is A Way Of Organizing An Economy875 Words   |  4 PagesIn the Michael Moore documentary Capitalism a Love Story examples what capitalism is and how it hurt so many citizens. Capitalism is a way of organizing an economy so that the things that are used to make and transport products are owned by individual people and companies rather than by the government. The documentary teaches viewers the impact that big corporations have on americans. At the beginning of the film Moore is showing middle class people get there houses taken from them because ofRead MoreCapitalism in America Essa y1019 Words   |  5 Pagesview of class is mostly controlled by the media. In the book Rereading America, there are two essays, Class in America: Gregory Mantsios, Framing Class vicarious living and Conscious Consumption: Diana Kendall, and, the film Capitalism: A Love story: Michael Moore. Capitalism is an economic system that promotes free trade and private enterprise and that depends upon the hierarchical class structure, shapes, how others see us in various ways, including class avoidance. Mantsios, Kendall, and MooreRead MoreEssay Capitalism - Good or Bad?1046 Words   |  5 PagesAmericans; this is known as capitalism. Also known as the free enterprise system, or free market, capitalism initially emerged in the mid to late 1700s. It grew in popularity and strength as individuals rapidly grew conscious of its benefits in specialization and trade. Obsolete transportation began to grow increasingly more capable and efficient. Natural resources became more abundant. It c alled for a profit motive and the more you possess, the more you desire. Capitalism in our modern day hasRead More The American Dream in What’s So Great About America and Stupid White Men1168 Words   |  5 Pagesis not wealth that Americans want. He believes that it is simply a better life. Michael Moore too acknowledges Americans’ ambition, especially his own, to create a better life for themselves. These two views of the American Dream come from very opposite Americans, but it is their differences that make their ideals so beautifully unique. To begin the comparison between these two authors, I will first examine Moore’s ideology. As it is obviously stated in the title of his book, Moore is not exactlyRead MoreSicko and Moore Essay2846 Words   |  12 PagesProfessor  Bollinger December  12,  2010 SiCKo:  The  Thought ­Provoker Michael   Francis   Moore   is   a   controversial   American   filmmaker   who   has   directed numerous   documentaries.   These   documentaries   have   taken   a   large   spectrum   of   popular American   issues   and   reduced   them   to   one:   capitalism.   His   most   popular   cinematic   works include   Bowling   for   Columbine,   Fahrenheit   9/11,   Capitalism:   A   Love   Story,   and most ­notably,   SiCKo.   With   a   liberal   stance,   Moore   has  Read MoreThe Cold War and the War on Terror987 Words   |  4 Pagesgroup of people; America was also fighting an idea. In the Cold war, America was fighting of Communism. The USA believed they were truly free, and that in order for other countries to be truly free they had to embrace capitalism and consumerism. America tried to spread capitalism to Vietnam and Korea by fighting in those countries, similarly to how America tried to bring Democracy to Iraq and Afghanistan. In the War on Terrorism, the idea that America was fighting was the idea of Terrorism. America

Environmental Engineering free essay sample

It involves  waste water management  and  air pollution  control, recycling,  waste disposal, radiation protection, industrial hygiene, environmental sustainability, and  public health  issues as well as a knowledge of  environmental engineering law. It is a related study of environmental science. Main task of environmental engineers is to protect public health by protecting (from further degradation), preserving (the present condition of), and enhancing the environment. Some work of Environmental engineers: Conducts hazardous-waste management  studies to evaluate the significance of such hazards, advise on treatment and containment, and develop regulations to prevent mishaps. Design municipal water supply and  industrial wastewater treatment  systems. Address environmental issues such as the effects of  acid rain,  global warming,  ozone depletion, water pollution and air pollution from  automobile exhausts  and  industrial sources. Environmental science  is an interdisciplinary  academic field  that integrates physical and biological sciences, (including but not limited to  Ecology,  Physics,  Chemistry,  Biology,  Soil Science,  Geology,  Atmospheric Science  and  Geography) to the study of the environment, and the solution of environmental problems. Environmental science provides an integrated, quantitative, and interdisciplinary  approach to the study of environmental systems. Environmental science came alive as a substantive, active field of scientific investigation in the 1960s and 1970s driven by the ff. ssues: (a)  Ã‚   the need for a multi-disciplinary approach to analyze complex environmental problems. (b)  Ã‚   the arrival of substantive environmental laws requiring specific environmental protocols of investigation. (c)  Ã‚   the growing public awareness of a need for action in addressing environmental problems. Related areas of study: environmental studies   incorporates more of the social sciences for understanding human relationships, perceptions and policies towards the environment. 2. environmental engineering focuses on design and technology for improving environmental quality. Components of Environmental Science: Ecology  is the study of the interactions between organisms and their environment. Ecologists might investigate the relationship between a population of organisms and some physical characteristic of their environment, such as concentration of a chemical; or they might investigate the interaction between a two populations of different organisms through some symbiotic or competitive relationship. For example, an interdisciplinary analysis of an ecological system which is being impacted by one or more stressors might include several related environmental science fields. In an estuarine setting where a proposed industrial development could impact certain species by  water  and  air pollution,  biologists  would describe the flora and fauna,  chemists  would analyze the transport of water pollutants to the marsh,  physicists  would calculate  air pollution  emissions and  geologists  would assist in understanding the marsh soils and bay muds. . Atmospheric sciences  focuses on the Earths atmosphere, with an emphasis upon its interrelation to other systems. Atmospheric sciences can include studies of  meteorology,greenhouse gas  phenomena,  atmospheric dispersion modeling  of airborne contaminants,[3][4]  sound propagation phenomena related to  noise pollution, and even  light pollution. Taking the example of the  global warming  phenomena, physicists create  computer models  of atmospheric circulation and infra-red radiation transmission, chemists examine the inventory of atmospheric chemicals and their reactions, biologists analyze the plant and animal contributions to  carbon dioxide  fluxes, and specialists such as  meteorologists  and  oceanographers add additional breadth in understanding the atmospheric dynamics. 3. Environmental chemistry  is the study of chemical alterations in the environment. Principal areas of study include  soil contamination  and  water pollution. The topics of analysis include chemical degradation in the environment, multi-phase transport of chemicals (for example, evaporation of a  solvent  containing lake to yield solvent as an air pollutant), and chemical effects upon biota. As an example study, consider the case of a leaking  solvent  tank which has entered the habitat soil of an  endangered species  of amphibian. As a method to resolve or understand the extent of  soil contamination  and subsurface transport of solvent, a computer model would be implemented. Chemists would then characterize the molecular bonding of the solvent to the specific soil type, and biologists would study the impacts upon soil  arthropods, plants, and ultimately pond-dwelling organisms that are the food of the endangered amphibian. 4. Geosciences  include  environmental geology,  environmental soil science, volcanic phenomena and evolution of the Earths crust. In some classification systems this can also includehydrology, including  oceanography. As an example study of soils  erosion, calculations would be made of  surface runoff  by soil scientists. Fluvial geomorphologists would assist in examining  sediment transport  in overland flow. Physicists would contribute by assessing the changes in light transmission in the receiving waters. Biologists would analyze subsequent impacts to aquatic flora and fauna from increases in water turbidity. Ecology study of the interactions between organisms and their environment. starts as early as 300 BC with the Greek named Theophastus, his interest with the interrelationship between organism and the living environment, become his as the Father of Botany. Environment refers to the sum of all the external forces and conditions acting on an organism or community of organism. oekologie was coined by the german zoologist, Ernst Haeckel, comes from the greek word oikos, meaning home or a place to live in. defines as the relationship of animals both to the organic as well as the inorganic environment,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   in the mid-1900’s two group of botanist, one from the Europe and America, become interested in the study of plants communities, the Europeans concentrated on the composition, structure and distribution of plant communities, on the other hand the Americans concentrate to the development of plant, eventually they become interested at the animals as well, and gave a greater emphasis on inter-relationship of animals and plants. This become the birth of ecology as the formal field of study. British economist, Thomas Malthus, gave special attention to population in the early 19th century, his the first one o recognized the conflict between expanding population and earths capability to supply it. scope of ecology, organism (eg. Proto-plasma, cell, tissue, organ, organ system), population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere. Organism: Levels of organization of life (inside the organism): Protoplasma – it makes up the living substance of the cell. Cell – basic unit of life Tissue-group of cell performing specific functions Organ- group of tissue carrying a particular functions Organ system – group of organ doing s specific function. Levels of organization of life (inside the organism): Population – group of organism of the same kind or species occupying a particular place at a particular time. Community – a group of populations occupying a given area. Ecosystem    basic unit of ecology, refers to the interaction between the organism and environment. It includes population, communities, habitat (the place where the organism lives) and the environment. eg. forest, grassland, river, etc. ) Biosphere – world of life. It is the portion of the earth where in life on its any form existed. Components of ecosystem: Biotic – they are the living components of ecosystem consisting of plants, animals and bacteria. Abiotic – they are the non living component that consist of substratum, ligh t, rainfall, nutrients, soil, temperature, etc. Biotic Components: Green plants   Ã‚  Ã‚     known as the producers. They capture the energy coming from the sun and together with the CO2 in the air and H2O converts this into food energy. They are called autotrophs (self nourishing), they manufacture their own food through the process of photosynthesis. There are also microscopic green plant called phytoplanktons, they give the green color to the bodies of water such as lake and rivers    Animals Known as the consumers. Obtain other food sources to other plants and animals they are called heterotrophs. Three types of consumers: Herbivores – that eat plants only Carnivores – animals that eat other animals. Omnivores- eat both plants and animals. Bacteria and Fungi They are called decomposers. They eat the dead bodies of plants and animals, where they get their energy and convert it to other nutrients back into the environment. They are popular called the janitor of the nature. Abiotic Components: Soil   the upper layer of the earth’s crust affected by plants and animals serves as the habitat and pool of nutrients for many organism. Humus dark decaying organic substance found in the soil. Physical characteristic of soil: Color The color of the soils is influence by the element present in the soil. Soil color and element presesent: Grey (lacks of iron) Brown red (rich in iron) Texture   the texture of the soil affects the amount of water and nutrients the soil can hold. Texture of the soil: Sandy (composed of coarse particles) Clay (consist of fine particles) Silt (composed of medium size particles. ) Loamy (mixture of clay, sand and silt) Moisture Water content of the soil. It is influence by factors such as: Texture Amount of rainfall Slope of the land Underlying rock type. pH The concentration of hydrogen ions on the soil. The soil which contain a large amount of lime is alkaline and with large amount of granite id acidic. pH value raging from 1-6 is acidic and 8-14 are basic while those with 7 reading is neutral type of soil. Structure Refers to the arrangement of it’s particle which build up larger amount of soil structure is called peds. The peds damage will result to the poor drainage of water to the soil. 2. Water Importance of water in ecosystem: It comprise of a large percentage of the tissues of all living organism. Required by plants to support their non woody tissues. Used by the plants as a vessel of nutrients from the soil. It is absorbed by the plant and release in the environment which produces the cooling effect. Plant adaptation to water: (Based on the tolerance of plant to water. ):   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   *   Hydropytes (Plants that grow in water and waterlogged soils)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   *   Halophytes (Plants that grow in saline environment. )   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   *   Xerophytes (Plants that grow in dry or arid condition. 3. Temperature Affects the plant and cooled blooded animals by controlling their metabolism. Affect the water loss of the organism. Most organism function at temperature between 0 degree to 50 degree centigrade.. 4. Wind An agent of pollination and seed dispersal. It also affects transpiration in the plants by causing faster evaporation with in their surroundings. Pathways of energy: Energy It is needed by the organism for growth, maintenance and repair and for life. Organism obtain their energy by two ways: Autotrophy (producing their own food) Heterotrophy (eating other organism) Food Chain Consist of the sequence of organism that eat other organism through which energy is transferred. Every food chain starts a producer and end with decomposers. Trophic levels of food chain: First trophic ( producers) Second trophic (herbivores called primary consumers) Third trophic (carnivore that eat hervobores) 4th trophic (carnivores that eat carnivores) In food chain the energy transferred from one trophic level to another is decreasing. Food web Consist of several interlocking food chain. It is a transfer of energy involving several pathways. Nutrients cycle: Classification of Nutrients: Macronutrients – those that are required by organism by large quantities. Ex. Oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen Micronutrient – are needed by the organism by smaller amounts. Ex. Sulfur, potassium, iron, and phosphorus. Water Cycles: Evaporation (from bodies of water) Respiration ( from animals) Transpiration (from the trees) Condensation   (accumulation of all the vapors, transpiration and respiration) Precipitation (for rain) Runoff (water run from the higher grounds) Carbon and Oxygen cycle: Carbon is mostly present in the environment by cabon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is present at: It could be found at dead organism. Volcano eruption. Respiration of animals. Oxygen is abundant in plants transpiration, it is release in the air as a waste product and absorbed by animals. Nitrogen Cycles: Nitrogen constitutes 78% of air in the atmosphere. Plants used it as a nitrates, and nitrogen converted it by two process: The action of lightning. Process of action by specialized organism such as legumes. Communities Community Group of different kinds of organism or species living together in a particular place. Worlds Major communities: 1. Dessert Biome Bushes and shrubs for vegetation Sandy, dry and loose type of soil. Less than 10 cm of rain fall in a year. Lizards, snakes, eagles, owls, toads, insects and small

Leadership and Management Style in Hospitality Industry Essay Example

Leadership and Management Style in Hospitality Industry Essay Case Study of Leadership and Management Style in the Hospitality Industry Errika Bates Business Management 333, section A Ryan Butt November 27, 2010 Leadership and Management Style in the Hospitality Industry Introduction In discussing the paper about leadership and the managing hospitality businesses Central Florida Investment/Westgate Hotels and Resorts according to Williams, (2009-2010) states that a leader is concerned with doing the right thing and focuses on their vision, mission, goals, and objectives. He defines leadership as the process of influencing others to achieve group or organizational goals (p. 252). Leadership and the success of the leadership will be compared to other hotels like the Omni Hotel and Resorts. Kouzes, and Posner (1995) states that leadership is defined as the art of mobilizing others to want to struggle for shared aspirations (p 30). First, the paper will be discussed about what the effective leadership does to make their company a success, what type of leaders works and how should leaders behave? Secondly, in discussing the leadership in hotel management will be about what approaches and theories that were used to lead the company to their success? Thirdly, a discussion of evaluating the background of the hotels presentation and compare to the other hotels mention above. Lastly, the paper will be discussed about what are the best practices that identify Westgate Hotel with their other competition? History of Two Privately-Owned Companies Over the years many leaders have started their corporations at the bottom of not knowing that one day they would become a successful leader in the hospitality and tourism business. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership and Management Style in Hospitality Industry specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership and Management Style in Hospitality Industry specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership and Management Style in Hospitality Industry specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In the past thirty years David Siegel Founder, President and CEO of Central Florida Investment and Westgate has became the largest privately held corporation. He created an empire (timeshare, real estate, construction, hotel and apartment management, travel services, telecommunications, citrus, insurance, transportation, retail, and much more) which was started as a real estate development in the garage of his family home. Siegel stresses that to be a leader in the hospitality industry you have to be constantly focusing the efforts on understanding the customer’s needs and exceeding their expectations. Not only have Mr. Siegel created his vision for families to enjoy the luxury of his accommodations, he also invests in his employees. CFI has 30 resorts with 10,000 timeshare units that they operate and manage. On the other hand, Omni Hotel and Resorts was founded by the Dunfey family from New England as a hospitality company. The Dunfey Hotel Corporation purchased Omni International Hotels which was acquired by World International Holding, Ltd. and Wharf (Holding) Ltd, and then in the year of 1996 TFT Holdings, Inc. cquired Omni Hotels’ properties, franchise agreements, contracts and the name worldwide except for in Asia. Meanwhile, James D. Caldwell is the President of TFT Holdings, Inc and became the CEO of Omni Hotels. Upon becoming the CEO of Omni Hotels and Resorts Caldwell has been able to develop a new vision and is able to define a sensible luxury in the hotel marketplace. Omni is comprised of 45 luxury hotels and resorts throughout the United States, Canada, and Mexi co. What does Effective Leadership do to make their company a Success Leaders according to Williams (2009-2010) there are two types of behaviors that form the basis for leadership theory. One is initiating structure by structuring the roles of followers by setting goals, giving directions, setting deadlines, and assigning tasks and the second type of behavior is consideration in which the leader is friendly, approachable, supportive, and shows concern for employees. Initiating structure primarily affects subordinates job performance and consideration primarily affects subordinates job satisfaction. The behaviors that both leaderships display in the hospitality industry Omni’s Hotel and Resorts and Westgate’s Resort is initiating structure and consideration. Omni have an executive board according to their uniqueness and passion in carrying out the teamwork for their successes in operation of the business. In comparison Central Florida Investments/ Westgate’s Resorts have their executive board according to their prior experiences in sales, accounting finance, managing projects and programs, and law. According to Williams, he asked the question, â€Å"What makes a good leader? (254), a good leader can be someone who is not afraid of following their vision and is able to share that vision with others to make the vision to come true. In an article by John Kotter (1990) mentions how management and leadership are different, but they complement one another. For example, the heart can’t function without the flow of blood cells through its veins and throughou t the ventricles in other part of the body in order for a person to live. The heart never rest it keeps on pumping when everything else is resting mentally and physically. On the other hand, leaders operate in almost the same fashion as the heart the work of a successful and effective leader work is never done, they continuously committed to improving their business, promoting change, challenging opportunities and expanding on growth. Kotter’s definition on the difference between management and leadership is management is about coping with complexity and leadership is about coping with change. Effective and successful leadership comes when corporations are actively searching for people with the potential to lead and with experiences that will help to develop the potential. According to Kotter (1990) companies should be careful in selecting leaders that is strong in their leadership and combining them with weak management (4). In combining the strong leadership with weak management will cause either the weak to drain the strength out of the leader and may cause issues of greatness for the company, so strong leadership and strong management combined would be a better suit for the company because the both could lean and depend on one another. Approaches and Theories The approach that Westgate Resorts takes according to the webpage information, Siegel strategy

Definition and Examples of Adages in English

Definition and Examples of Adages in English An adage is an ancient saying or maxim, brief and sometimes mysterious, that has become accepted as conventional wisdom. In classical rhetoric, an adage is also known as a rhetorical proverb or  paroemia. An adage- such as The early bird gets the worm- is a condensed and memorable expression. Often its a type of metaphor.It is sometimes claimed that the  expression old adage  is redundant, say the editors of the American Heritage Guide to Contemporary Usage and Style,inasmuch as a saying must have a certain tradition behind it to count as an adage in the first place. But the word adage  [from the Latin for I say] is first recorded in the phrase old adage, showing that this redundancy is itself very old. Pronunciation:  AD-ij Examples Know thyself.Alls well that ends well.Out of nothing, nothing can come.Art lies in concealing the art.From flowers, bees make honey and spiders poison.A stitch in time saves nine.Not quantity, but quality.Make haste slowly.Physician, heal thyself.Respect thyself, if thou wouldst be respected by others.The people reign, the elite rule.Knowledge equals power.Love conquers all.If you want peace, prepare for war.Who will guard the guards?What hurts us instructs us.Whom the gods destroy they first make mad.Give your child to a slave, and instead of one slave you will have two.A great city is a great solitude.Carpe diem. (Seize the day.)Be mindful of dying.Better late than never.The squeaky wheel gets the grease. Adages and Cultural Values [C]onsider the cultural values that adages, or common sayings, express. What is meant by the American saying, Every man for himself? Does it reflect the idea that men, and not women, are the standard? Does it reflect individualism as a value? What is meant by The early bird catches the worm?Distinct values are expressed in adages from other cultures. What values are expressed in the Mexican proverb, He who lives a hurried life will soon die? How is this view of time different from dominant views of time in the United States? In Africa, two popular adages are The child has no owner and It takes a whole village to raise a child, and in China a common saying is No need to know the person, only the family (Samovar Porter, 2000). A Japanese adage states that it is the nail that sticks out that gets hammered down (Gudykunst Lee, 2002). What values are expressed by these sayings? How are they different from mainstream Western values and the language that embodies them?(Julia T. Wood, Interpersonal Communication: Everyday Encounters, 7th ed. Wadsworth, 2013) Tools of Persuasion As indirect tools of persuasion, adages are understandably attractive to people who judge direct confrontation and criticism inappropriate in many contexts.(Ann Fienup-Riordan, Wise Words of the Yupik People. University of Nebraska Press, 2005) Age as a Part of Adage Dictionaries (with a single exception) affirm in one way or another that an adage is a long-established saying; therefore the old [in the expression old adage] is redundant. Incidentally, an expression that someone thought up yesterday is not an adage. To put it another wayand this is obviousage is a part of adage. (Theodore M. Bernstein, The Careful Writer: A Modern Guide to English Usage. Simon Schuster, 1965) Safire on Adages Those of us who enjoy living in synonymy know that an adage is not quite as graven in collective wisdom as a proverb or a maxim; it is not as legalistic as a dictum or as scientific as an axiom or as sentimental as a homily or as corny as a saw, nor as formalized as a motto, but it is more rooted in tradition than an observation. (William Safire, Spread the Word. Times Books, 1999) The Adagia (Adages) of Desiderius Erasmus (1500; rev. 1508 and 1536) Erasmus was an avid collector of proverbs and aphorisms. He compiled all the expressions he could find in the works of the classical Greek and Latin authors he loved, and provided a brief history and explication for each one. When I considered the important contributions made to elegance and richness of style by brilliant aphorisms, apt metaphors, proverbs, and similar figures of speech, I made up my mind to collect the largest possible supply of such things. he wrote. So in addition to Know thyself, readers of Erasmuss Adages are treated to pithy accounts of the origins of such expressions as to leave no stone unturned, to cry crocodile tears, no sooner said than done, clothes make the man, and everyone thinks his own fart smells sweet. Erasmus added to and revised the book throughout his life, and by the time he died in 1536 he had collected and explained 4,151 proverbs. Erasmus intended the book to be a Bartletts Familiar Quotations for 16th-century after-dinner speakers: a resource for writers and public orators who wanted to spice up their speeches with well-placed quotes from the classics. (James Geary, The World in a Phrase: A Brief History of the Aphorism. Bloomsbury USA, 2005) Many hands make light work.Put the cart before the horseWalk the tightropeCall a spade a spadeBetween friends all is common.To die laughingLike father, like sonThe project of the Adages, like many manuals published in the 16th century, was to harvest all possible vestiges of antiquity and put them at the disposal of scholars. In this particular case, Erasmus sought to collect and explain proverbs, aphorisms, ï ¬ gurative expressions, all sorts of more or less enigmatic sayings. . . . An adage is like a bud that contains the latent promise of a flower, an enigmatic expression, a mystery to unravel. The ancients veiled their messages, deposited clues to their culture in their language; they wrote in code. The modern reader breaks the code, opens the coffers, takes out the secrets and publishes them, even at the risk of altering their force. The author of Adages [Erasmus] acted as an intermediary, made a profession of displaying and multiplying. So it was normal that his book, both cornucopia and organ of distribution, would operate with centrifugal dynamics. (Michel Jeanneret, Perpetual Motion: Transforming Shapes in the Renaissance from Da Vinci to Montaigne, 1997. Translated by Nidra Poller. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001) The Lighter Side of Adages: George Burns and Gracie Allen Special Agent Timothy McGee: I think its time you get back on that horse.Special Agent Ziva David: Youre getting a pony?Special Agent Timothy McGee: Its an adage.Special Agent Ziva David: I am not familiar with that breed.(Sean Murray and Cote de Pablo in Identity Crisis. NCIS, 2007)

Chart of Common Charges of Chemical Elements

Chart of Common Charges of Chemical Elements This is a chart of the most  common charges for atoms of the chemical elements. You can use this chart to predict whether or not an atom can bond with another atom. The charge on an atom is related to its valence electrons or oxidation state. An atom of an element is most stable when its outer electron shell is completely filled or half-filled. The most common charges are based on maximum stability for the atom. However, other charges are possible. For example, hydrogen sometimes has a charge of zero or (less commonly) -1. Although noble gas atoms almost always carry a charge of zero, these elements do form compounds, which means they can gain or lose electrons and carry a charge. Table of Common Element Charges Number Element Charge 1 hydrogen 1+ 2 helium 0 3 lithium 1+ 4 beryllium 2+ 5 boron 3-, 3+ 6 carbon 4+ 7 nitrogen 3- 8 oxygen 2- 9 fluorine 1- 10 neon 0 11 sodium 1+ 12 magnesium 2+ 13 aluminum 3+ 14 silicon 4+, 4- 15 phosphorus 5+, 3+, 3- 16 sulfur 2-, 2+, 4+, 6+ 17 chlorine 1- 18 argon 0 19 potassium 1+ 20 calcium 2+ 21 scandium 3+ 22 titanium 4+, 3+ 23 vanadium 2+, 3+, 4+, 5+ 24 chromium 2+, 3+, 6+ 25 manganese 2+, 4+, 7+ 26 iron 2+, 3+ 27 cobalt 2+, 3+ 28 nickel 2+ 29 copper 1+, 2+ 30 zinc 2+ 31 gallium 3+ 32 germanium 4-, 2+, 4+ 33 arsenic 3-, 3+, 5+ 34 selenium 2-, 4+, 6+ 35 bromine 1-, 1+, 5+ 36 krypton 0 37 rubidium 1+ 38 strontium 2+ 39 yttrium 3+ 40 zirconium 4+ 41 niobium 3+, 5+ 42 molybdenum 3+, 6+ 43 technetium 6+ 44 ruthenium 3+, 4+, 8+ 45 rhodium 4+ 46 palladium 2+, 4+ 47 silver 1+ 48 cadmium 2+ 49 indium 3+ 50 tin 2+, 4+ 51 antimony 3-, 3+, 5+ 52 tellurium 2-, 4+, 6+ 53 iodine 1- 54 xenon 0 55 cesium 1+ 56 barium 2+ 57 lanthanum 3+ 58 cerium 3+, 4+ 59 praseodymium 3+ 60 neodymium 3+, 4+ 61 promethium 3+ 62 samarium 3+ 63 europium 3+ 64 gadolinium 3+ 65 terbium 3+, 4+ 66 dysprosium 3+ 67 holmium 3+ 68 erbium 3+ 69 thulium 3+ 70 ytterbium 3+ 71 lutetium 3+ 72 hafnium 4+ 73 tantalum 5+ 74 tungsten 6+ 75 rhenium 2+, 4+, 6+, 7+ 76 osmium 3+, 4+, 6+, 8+ 77 iridium 3+, 4+, 6+ 78 platinum 2+, 4+, 6+ 79 gold 1+, 2+, 3+ 80 mercury 1+, 2+ 81 thallium 1+, 3+ 82 lead 2+, 4+ 83 bismuth 3+ 84 polonium 2+, 4+ 85 astatine ? 86 radon 0 87 francium ? 88 radium 2+ 89 actinium 3+ 90 thorium 4+ 91 protactinium 5+ 92 uranium 3+, 4+, 6+

Sommers Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sommers Philosophy - Essay Example Majority of parents focus more on their work and give little attention to the young people. The youngster is left back with the house girl who may not be acquainted with the moral traditions. In addition, several young people waste their fruitful time watching televisions and listening to music (Sommers 89). This time would have been utilized in enhance their studies, which in turn equips them with knowledge. The young people also prefer going to such places as cinemas and swimming at the expense of going to church. Sommer’s observations are remarkably accurate for me. I am certain that I know little regarding my moral traditions. This is because I have never found time to learn my tradition. I spent most of my time watching, travelling and chatting with friends. On a normal week when I am out of school, I spent two third of my day watching movies and several television programs. I then spent the other a third socializing with friends on social sites like face book and twitter just to mention but a few. Therefore, I spent little time with my parents who are responsible with equipping me with the traditional morals. During the weekends especially on Saturdays, I hang out with friends on such places as cinemas. On Sundays, I do some cleaning and later go for swimming. Therefore, I go to church on rare occasions, and when I do, I do not carry anything to write for future reference. Therefore, after a short time all that I had learned fades away.

Summary and reflection of an Article Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary and reflection of an Article - Assignment Example The authors of the article point out that the issue of match-day attendance is greatly influenced by the uncertainty of the outcomes of the matches. Reduced attendance is attributed to increased uncertainty. High attendance is usually witnessed whenever the fans predict that the chances of their team winning are very high compared to losing or drawing. This has brought about issues of revenue sharing because revenue sharing is pegged on receipt sales and broadcast rights issues. Poor attendance will mean that there will be less revenue to share amongst the stakeholders. However, despite this, intervention measures are less apparent in European soccer. Intervention measures are necessary in order to improve competitive balance. The dynamics of the findings of this research are complex because television viewers have different preferences from fans who view matches at the stadiums (Buraimo and Simmons 154). The findings of this research are quite controversial because the dynamics of watching matches live from stadiums and on television are quite different. I do not agree with the sentiments of the authors when they claim that fans usually attend stadiums because they prefer to see their teams battle it out with teams that they find inferior and easy to beat. This is because whether to watch a match live from the stadium or to watch it from a television from a place of choice all depends on preference. For example, sometimes, in the English Premier League, there are very strong teams that often play together. Just from general observations, it is evident that such matches are usually attended by very many fans. In such matches, it is usually very difficult to determine which team will win the game. This is because both teams playing in such a match are usually very strong and it is difficult to predict which team may win. Despite the fact that both teams are

Eriksons stages of psychosocial development Essay Example for Free

Eriksons stages of psychosocial development Essay 1. Carl Roger’s Humanistic theory is based upon the idea that everyone has the potential to make a contribution to society and be a good and likeable person if his or her needs are fulfilled. Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers led the humanistic theory movement and it was Maslow who developed the â€Å"pyramid of needs†. Sigmund Freud’s Humanistic theory is based upon the idea that everyone has the potential to make a contribution to society and be a good and likeable person – if their needs are fulfilled. Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers led the humanistic theory movement and it was Maslow who developed the â€Å"pyramid of needs†. Sigmund Freud believed that people have three levels of awareness, which are the conscious, preconscious, and the unconscious. Freud developed a detailed theory on how our own thoughts and feelings affect our actions. It is known as Freud’s Psychodynamic Theory. 2. The five basic traits that most describe differences in personality are Neuroticism A tendency to easily experience unpleasant emotions such as anxiety, anger, or depression. Extroversion Energy, surgency, and the tendency to seek stimulation and the company of others. Agreeableness A tendency to be compassionate and cooperative rather than suspicious and antagonistic towards others. Conscientiousness A tendency to show self-discipline, act dutifully, and aim for achievement. Openness to experience appreciation for art, emotion, adventure, and unusual ideas, imaginative and curious. Erik Erikson maintained that personality develops in a predetermined order. Instead of focusing on sexual development, however, he was interested in how children socialize and how this affects their sense of self. He saw personality as developing throughout the lifetime and looked at identity crises at the focal point for each stage of human development. These eight stages were Trust Versus Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Identity vs. Role Confusion, Intimacy vs. Isolation, Generativist vs. Stagnation, Ego Integrity vs. Despair.

The Humor of Pride and Prejudice :: Pride Prejudice Essays

The Humor of Pride and Prejudice         Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Of all the novels that Jane Austen has written, critics consider Pride and Prejudice to be the most comical. Humor can be found everywhere in the book; in it's character descriptions, imagery, but mostly in it's conversations between characters.   Her novels were not only her way of entertaining people but it was also a way to express her opinions and views on what surrounded her and affected her.   Her novels were like editorials.  Ã‚   Austen uses a variety of comic techniques to express her own view on characters, both in her book and in her society that she lived in. We, the readers are often the object of her ridicule, and Austen makes the readers view themselves in a way which makes it easy for the reader to laugh at themselves. She introduces caricatures and character foils to further show how ridiculous a character may be. Pride and Prejudice has many character foils to exaggerate a characters faults or traits.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Austen also uses irony quite often to inform the readers on her own personal opinions. The comic techniques caricatures, irony, and satire, not only helped to provide humor for Austen's readers, but they also helped Austen to give her own personal opinion on public matters.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When an action is exaggerated on stage by an actor, it becomes all the more noticeable to the audience.   An author can exaggerate a character in order to make fun of them.   Austen exaggerates many of her characters and therefore makes caricatures of them in order to emphasize their ridiculousness. Mrs. Bennet is such a character.   Her extremely unpleasant manner and reactions causes readers to delight in the situations which Mrs. Bennet places herself into. Mrs. Bennet's harsh tongue and simple mind causes the reader to laugh, because it is so exaggerated that the reader thinks that such a person cannot exist.   Mr. Collins is another exaggerated character in the novel.   But would such characters seem humorous without somebody to react to them?   Not at all. Such exaggeration works only when you place them besides another character who seems very real.   Mrs.   Bennet is placed besides her husband to make her look all the more ridiculous and Mr.

The Protagonist Victor in “This Is What It Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona” by Sherman Alexie

Victor In the very first sentence of Sherman Alexie's â€Å"This Is What It Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona,† you can assume that the main character, Victor, is facing a hard life. Not only did he lose his job, he also lost his father to a heart attack the same day. The story tells the journey of Victor and an old friend, Thomas Builds-the-Fire, traveling to Phoenix to pick up his father's ashes, pickup truck, and money from his savings account. Victor did not have any money and neither did anyone else living on the reservation, â€Å"Who does have money on a reservation, except the cigarette and fireworks sales-people? (page 275) Victor has to turn to the tribal council for money, but they are also low on funds and can only give him one-hundred dollars. Thomas is considered the town’s outcast and he is the only one willing to help Victor. Victor goes on to say that he used to be friends with Thomas until they were about fifteen and then Victor turned his back on him bec ause everyone else thought he was weird. He also talks about their childhood and the memories they share and the fact that Thomas knew about Victor’s father wanting to leave before it ever happened. Once, when they were seven years old, when Victor’s father still lived with the family, Thomas closed his eyes and told Victor this story: â€Å"Your father’s heart is weak. He is afraid of his own family. He is afraid of you. † (page 275). Thomas ends up giving Victor the rest of the money he needs, but only if Victor allows Thomas to go along. The author never really gives any physical traits, but you know he is an Indian, does not have a lot of money, just lost his father, and lives on a reservation.The author does not specially tell you how old Victor is. There is no mention of any other family besides his mother, â€Å"†¦and the rest of his family didn’t have any use at all for him. † (page 275) Even though Victor’s father did no t play a big part in his life, â€Å"there still was a genetic pain, which was soon to be pain as real and immediate and a broken bone. † (page 275) Victor is a dynamic and round character because he slowly begins to change throughout the story. Victor is continuously complaining about Thomas or making fun of him.When they are on the plane and Thomas is talking to the gymnast, â€Å"Victor was ready to jump out of the plane. Thomas, that crazy Indian storyteller with ratty old braids and broken teeth†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (page 278) I think that Victor is somewhat ashamed of his Native American background because he did not want to turn out like Thomas. Throughout the course of their trip, Victor begins to accept Thomas and understand him more. When Victor agrees to listen to just one of Thomas’ stories, â€Å"Just one time when I’m telling a story somewhere, why don’t you stop and listen?Thomas asked. Victor waved his arms to let Thomas know that the deal was good,† (page 282) the reader begins to see the new, more accepting Victor. The old Victor would be too afraid of what others were thinking about him to stop and listen to Thomas tell a story, but now he accepts who he is and also who his cousin Thomas is. â€Å"Victor was quiet for a long time. He searched his mind for memories of his father, found the good ones, found a few bad ones, added it all up, and smiled. This is another turning point in the story because this is where Victor finally accepts his relationship with his father and is at peace. â€Å"This Is What It Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona† shows the true value of friendship. In the later part of their relationship, Victor was a really bad friend to Thomas, but Thomas has been there for Victor so many times throughout their childhood, and even now that they are adults. Although Thomas was not physically by Victor’s side, he was there the whole time waiting to come to Victor’s rescue.The story go es back and forth to show how Victor and Thomas were once friends. Thomas even made a deal with Victor’s father to watch over Victor, â€Å"But he said I had to watch out for you as part of the deal. † (page 279) Victor is in debt to Thomas and even gives him some of his father’s ashes. By the end of the story, Victor finally realized the true meaning of friendship with his own cousin Thomas, and that all those other guys that made fun of him for being friends with Thomas when they were children were not true friends.At the end of the story Victor realizes how hurtful he has been to Thomas when in reality; Thomas was the only one who stood by Victor’s side and in return â€Å"all Thomas had ever wanted from his whole life,† (page 282) was for someone to just stop and listen to him tell one of his stories. I think Victor became a man at the end of the story. He finally learned to accept Thomas, his relationship with his father, and his Native Americ an heritage.

A Quest for Selfhood Essay

In The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass An American Slave, Frederick Douglass effectively describes his escapes from slaveholders through his intellectual literacy. In virtue of his experience as an enslaved man, Douglass writes about the abuse he suffers for being African American. He writes his narrative for the general public including slaves, to show the slaveholders’ wrongdoings. Douglass portrays the demeaning treatment of slaves to express inhumane conditions, which they face repeatedly. Throughout the novel Douglass is able to persuade his readers that slavery is cruel and an immoral act, through the use of visual imagery, situational irony, and formal diction. Through the use of visual imagery, Douglass is able to persuade the public that the physical scars from slave have dehumanizing effects by describing brutality, and human degradation. On one of Douglass’s first accounts, he describes his mother’s death by stating â€Å"I was not allowed to be present during her illness, at her death, or burial† (Page 18). This incident relates to pathos because it reveals Douglass’s lack of interaction with his mother and the isolation he endures in the early stages of his life, which emotionally draws the reader into realizing the psychological afflictions of slavery. As well as his mother’s passing, Douglass utilizes visual imagery to account for the last days of his frail grandmother: â€Å"If my poor old grandmother now lives, she lives to suffer in utter loneliness; she lives to remember and mourn over the loss of children†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Page 56). Douglass exposes how little sympathy slaveholders possess towards slaves. Visual imagery of this incident persuades the reader of slavery’s savagery because it is clear that Douglass is kept away from the people whom he loves, and is forced to feel nothing but sorrow. Due to the restrictions from slavery, Douglass copes with his aches by describing clear details of the worst days of his life. Likewise, Douglass presents the remorseless treatment of slaves through the use of situational irony. A representation of this is shown within old Barney and young Barney-father and son. He says â€Å"They were frequently whipped when least  deserving, and escaped whipping when most deserving it† (Page 30). Douglass explains that living in a constant state of fear, the boys are never safe from severe punishment regardless of doing everything they’re told. Douglass also uses logos to convince the public that slaveholders are not capable of managing others because they don’t have moral sense. Additionally, Douglass illustrates another situational paradox when he fights back against Mr. Covey: â€Å"From this time I was never again what might be called fairly whipped, though I remained a slave four years afterwards. I had several fights, but was never whipped† (Page 75). Douglass’s fierce determination for freedom results in respect from his slaveholder, which is unbelievable and contradictory to slavery overall. Because of the situational irony from the events prior, Douglass is able to express how irresponsible slaveholders are to be manipulating slaves. Furthermore, formal diction is most prominent is Douglass’s narrative because it describes most of the details. Despite his restrictions, Douglass’s strong desire for education allows for gains in his knowledge, to which is distinct through his writing skills. Douglass’s intellectual literacy not only distresses the general public towards slavery, but mesmerizes them to conceive the idea on how he made it out alive. A prime example of formal diction is shown when describing Mr. Austin Gore: â€Å"Mr. Hopkins was succeeded by Mr. Austin Gore, a man possessing, in an eminent degree, all those traits of character indispensable†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Page 33) He claims that the first-rate overseer, Mr. Gore is superior and honored because of his highly callous acts. Thus, Douglass is able to address a highly educated audience such as the readers of this academic narrative. He then adds, â€Å"Going to live at Baltimore laid the foundation, and opened the gateway, to all my subsequent prosperity† (Page 41). In other words, Douglass desperately wishes for freedom, and is able to fulfill his fortune at Baltimore. Formal diction allows Douglass to put his eloquent vocabulary to use. Although Frederick Douglass was an enslaved man, he teaches himself to read and write. He uses his intellectual gains of writing as a way to portray his brutal life, and explains the struggles he goes through to now being America’s role as the most famous African American slave. Throughout the narrative, he uses rhetorical devices to personify the thoughts that go through his mind as a slave. He also uses figurative language to vividly illustrate the hardships  of being African American with the use of visual imagery, situational irony, and formal diction. These devices also make the tortures of being a slave more understandable and easy to comprehend. His eloquent literacy continues to be relevant in both history and the modern world today.

Cuban Economy essays

Cuban Economy essays Although the Cuban economy may be thought of as to some as a complete failure, the command system structure can still be an effective way of creating a successful economy, if the correct steps are taken in it's planning. From the 1960's revolution to the 1990's collapse of russia, the soviet union managed to maintain the Cuban economy by trading them sugar in return for oil (http://lanic.utexas.edu/la/cb/cuba/asce/cuba1/panel.html). The USSR paid "higher than market prices" for Cuban cane, and Cuba paid "lower than market prices" for Russian petroleum products. This arrangement which Cuba benefited from, allowed Castro to provide benefits to the citizens such as higher education, free total medical care, and subsidized food and housing. Now, ever since the deal with the Soviet Union has collapsed, the Cuban economy has fallen by 35% from 1989 to 1993 (www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html). Instead of the island being maintained or enhansed, it is barely be sustained. Although the lack of aid from the Soviet Union has had a great influence in the Cuban economy, it still has some hope because of increased tourism, agricultural trade and additional US dollars. The Cuban economy is strongly based on a command system, where the government has nearly complete control of the economy. Just as any other economic system is required to do, the command system must answer the 3 basic economic questions. what to produce, how to produce it, and who gets what (Lyons, Brian 1987). The government controls things such as the quantity of each good that is to be imported and exported, prices of goods and services, wages, housing. etc. Through the goverments control, they can decide who recieves what share of the economic pie. Unfortunatly, this means that they can use this power to there own advantage and limit the amount of income that each citizen receives. In Cuba, each working a...

Free sample - Application Essay for the University of Connecticut.. translation missing

Application Essay for the University of Connecticut.. Application Essay for the University of Connecticut.Many students find it rather difficult to fit into new environments especially those different from the ones they were brought up in. For one to be an asset to any new society that he/she is introduced to, adapting to it comes in handy. Given my ability to blend well with strangers and new environments, I will settle down without any problems so that I can start making valuable contributions to the University of Connecticut community. I consider my communication skills a wonderful personality trump card because it enables me speak a common language with people from diverse backgrounds. The medical career will combine well with these personality traits because it basically entails interacting with people. My strong science background will go a long way in enabling me succeed in the profession. I derive pleasure from carrying out charity work. I intend to use this talent in helping members of the university community in any arena of l ife. I intend to use my ability to mobilize others around a particular course to rally my college mates around activities such as helping the less fortunate in the society with the few resources which will be at our disposal. Finally, am self motivated, an attribute that sees me undertake an activity for the enjoyment it provides, the learning it allows as well as the feelings of accomplishment it evokes. This will definitely ensure that I live up to what is expected of me in the new society without any supervision as well as any external rewards or reinforcements. Seldom do I get the driving force to pursue any activity from verbal praises or any other rewards and this is the reason why my motivation in every task hardly fades. This attribute is bound to see me undertake tasks which are time-limited, routine and unexciting, which other people may not enjoy in the new community. Intrinsic motivation enables people to make sustained progress toward significant goals, learn to take risks as well as explore and develop their potential to the fullest. In my view, this would be very good for the University of Connecticut community.

Alzheimer's - Current research and treatments Paper

Alzheimer's - Current and treatments - Research Paper Example Beta amyloid protein damage cells by converting oxygen into hydrogen peroxide ‘bleach’ that corrode brain cells, interfere with message relays in the brain and signaling the cell to self-destruction (Patterson et al 120). In accordance to Patterson, Feightner and Garcia, there is a transition from epidemiologic observation to rigorous clinic test trials on Alzheimer’s patients which is crucial in understanding the most beneficial treatments amyloid Hypothesis is undergoing analysts alongside many trails aimed at reducing amyloid and plague which are completes and are in testing phases. Ways researched and documented are; anti aggregation agents, immunotherapeutic trials and modulation of secretases used in beta amyloid production. The major therapies of hyper-phosphorylated tau and novel targets are under research these therapies target the enhancement of serotonin receptor, factors of nerve growth, mitochondrial function enhancement, and advanced gyration product s receptor. Boothby and Doering articulate that Current scientific research and the treatment of Alzheimer’s ‘covers four core areas. First is to increase efficiencies of damaged nerves, donepezil hydrochloride and memantine hydrochloride drugs are used. They foster the cell efficiencies though their effect is short lived. Secondly, is inhibiting manufacture of beta amyloid proteins. Current experiments are performed to determine a molecule that prevents the process of the parent beta amyloid protein (Patterson et al, 120). This is aimed at reducing the production of these proteins. Subsequently a lots of research work concentrates on ways of inhibiting beta amyloid build up within cells. Patterson, Feightner, and Garcia Scientists theorize that the beta amyloid become toxic with each build-up, thus if broken down at an earlier stage, they become less toxic. Lastly, clinical studies are aiming at shielding nerve cells form hydrogen peroxide effects. Use of vitamin E as a shield shows little but impacting improvement in a group of Alzheimer’s patients. A range of antioxidants is being tested in research labs to determine if they can protect the cells. Though minerals such as copper iron and zinc metals are essential for brain functions, there is continued research on ways to prevent the minerals interacting with brain cells. Though treatments may be available, it is paramount to see that the disease risk factors are discovered and prevented. Such risk factors are cholesterol, high blood pressure, Diabetes, gender hormones, brain activity, physical activity and antioxidants and nutrition. Research shows that cholesterol increases the blood pressure hence aggravating the risk of blood pressure. Statin drugs are used to lower blood cholesterol though clinical studies depict them as ineffective if used over a long period. Alternative research studies have shown that amino acid homocsyteine increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s. Mean while, High blood pressure has a link between stroke and Alzheimer’s disease. High blood pressure damages blood vessels hence reducing the brain oxygen supply (Neugroschl and Sano 129). The Resultant 'oxidative stress' speeds up the production of amyloid protein. Subsequently, Diabetes is majorly associated with different type of dementia i.e. Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia. Both Diabetes and Alzheimer’s manifest similar characteristics in the elderly, that is deposits of amyloid protein in brain and pancreas. Women possess

Aiding the Management of Change Research Proposal

Aiding the Management of Change - Research Proposal Example A survey conducted in 2002 (Online Executives 2006) highlighted that the main driver for change was increased competition, however, most domestic businesses have adapted to this by adopting similar processes and acquiring the necessary technology. However, in 2006, the survey was repeated and found that the main driver for change was the desire to increase efficiency. This is indicative of an environment that is becoming difficult to control and predict and has made planning and strategy on a short term basis. The need for efficiency is not confined to one industry but rather applies to all businesses, and this has resulted in a number of change management initiatives that are designed to increase efficiency, reduce costs, restructure the organization, and become more competitive and to make the business more innovative. However, by increasing efficiency, reducing costs and restructuring the organization, most businesses are directly impacting on employees as these drivers will have a negative impact on jobs. These drivers often result in redundancies and the key to a successful change management initiative will lie in an organization’s ability to handle and communicate with its employees (Chin and Benne 1968). Failure to communicate and implement change management to employees will make the initiative susceptible to failure through reduced morale from the remaining employees (Chin and Benne 1968, Scott 20,05), which in turn will affect the manner in how customers are treated, which in turn will affect the organizations' competitiveness. This implies that change management is not about changing physical attributes, but rather it is about managing the process of it, which includes people management. This paper will briefly look at the factors responsible for both successful and disastrous change management initiatives, and it will also look at how culture and commitment, leadership and downsizing can be managed for change.

Communication Styles Web Field Trip Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Communication Styles Web Field Trip - Essay Example 2. Reviewing the questionnaire item by item, can you find aspects of communication in which you are either nonassertive or possibly too assertive? Do you think that your communication style can be improved by making adjustments within these areas of communication? From the questionnaire, I find that I am non-assertive in situations where I am confronted with difficult situations because I do not want to deal with confrontations. Another area where I found out that I am not very assertive is when I am unable to express my anger and frustration with a friend even if it is justified. The reason for this is because I do not want to offend him or hurt his feelings. I also realized that I am assertive in instances where I have to make a phone call to institutions. I think that my communication style can be improved especially in situations where I am non-assertive. In dealing with my anger towards a friend, maybe I should try to control my emotions and be more level-headed at dealing with my friend. I should also try to choose my words carefully so as not to hurt his feelings.

To Sir With Love Book Review Education Essay

To Sir With Love Book Review Education Essay Edward Ricardo Braithwaite, one of the first black teachers in the British school system, recounts his first year as a teacher in the autobiographical novel, To Sir with Love. Unable to secure a job as a physicist in London, despite his many educational degrees, Braithwaite feels the sting of racial discrimination. He is persuaded to take a job as a schoolteacher at a unique school in Londons East End, a notoriously impoverished and tough part of 1940s Post War London. His students, mostly White European immigrants, are typically from unemployed families, have very little money, and are habitually filthy and malnourished. Students are sent to Greenslade Secondary School due to disciplinary problems. Despite their low socioeconomic status, and lack of basic academic skills, Braithwaite, a black man from British Guyana, sees his students as privileged simply because they are white. For their â€Å"underserved† privilege, and ignorance, Braithwaite resents and pities his students . Through the often tempestuous relationship between Braithwaite and his students, issues of racism and class discrimination are exposed. The struggle between teacher and student is a tutorial in critical pedagogy, and take the reader on a journey of internal examination, and individual accountability. In many ways, Braithwaites novel is a positive example of educational methodology, and the human connection needed between teacher and student. The overt message of To Sir with Love is the equal exchange between teacher and student. At Greenslade Secondary School, Braithwaite observes that students are encouraged to speak their minds, and are given regular opportunities to discuss what they are being taught. Teachers collaborate with fellow teachers, as well as with students, to decide the format in which lessons are delivered. Lessons are student-centered, and take into consideration the human-world relationship. Through his first person account, Braithwaite allows readers to follow his evolution from perceiving students as crude, belligerent, and unkempt, to viewing students as unique individuals deserving respect and compassion, resulting in a true paradigm shift. When given the opportunity to demonstrate their humanity, Braithwaite watches his students rise to the occasion in their own time, and in unexpected ways, a message all educators must recognize. From his experience working with students from disadvantaged and un derprivileged backgrounds, Braithwaite learns that all students have the potential to be successful when provided a teacher who believes in their ability. Throughout the novel, Braithwaite stresses the importance of teachers as team players. The commerce of ideas and advice from fellow teachers offers Braithwaite the support he needs to be successful in his classroom. Braithwaite focuses on the integral role faculty play, not only to Greenslades education program, but to student success as well. The enthusiasm for teaching and admiration for one another creates a supportive, successful, and positive school community. Alex Florian, head master of Greenslade Secondary School, seeks to create a school environment in which students feel safe and comfortable enough to learn and express themselves. Florian encourages teachers to discuss student progress with students in Weekly Reports, and encourages students to participate in school-wide Student Council reports, both of which are opportunities for students to have a voice. The educational methods implemented at Greenslade are valuable insights into alternatives to traditions modes of educat ion. To Sir with Love, proclaims to be a non-fictional account of Ricardo Braithwaites first year as a public schoolteacher during a notoriously racially divided period in British history. However, the miraculous and inspiring journey may leave some to consider the extent to which the author, Braithwaite himself, fictionalizes the novel version of himself. Braithwaite claims not to have been aware of racial prejudice until landing in London and searching for employment. The reader may find this notion hard to believe due to Braithwaites admitted service in the Royal Air Force. It is difficult for the reader to discern where autobiography ends, and fiction begins. Despite the apparent weakness in nonfiction voice, the strength of To Sir with Love lies in its message of forgiveness, understanding, and acceptance in the face of hate and prejudice. Braithwaite becomes a successful teacher only when he is able to see students as individuals. He is able to overcome his prejudice and â€Å"hate ful thoughts† ( p. 204) because he learns to love his students despite their shortcomings. Braithwaite learns the most important role he can play in the lives of his underprivileged students, is to provide them with â€Å"affection, confidence, and guidance, more or less in that order, because experience has shown that those are their most immediate needs† (p. 217). Braithwaites novel illustrates the importance of an equal partnership between teacher and student combined with the shared goal of learning.

United States Army’s Organizational Structure and Culture Essay

The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief analysis of the United States Army’s organizational structure and its culture and how these two elements impact its workers, associates and affiliates. This paper will first examine the Army’s history, development and structure to highlight the origins of the Army’s culture. Secondly, a brief history of the Army’s organizational development will be followed by a close examination of its philosophy and supporting beliefs. Lastly, this paper will discuss the role of the Army’s leadership, their response to critical issues and the organizational structure of the Army. An analysis of the army’s top leaders will help the reader to understand the Army culture more thoroughly in the context of the Army’s organizational structure. More specifically this section of the paper will examine the Army leadership’s response to the current geo-political environment and other related issues. In con clusion, this paper hopes to highlight the Army’s overall functioning from an organizational standpoint and emphasize that idea that the Army is like a functional corporation. This will be accomplished by addressing various key questions throughout this text. The U.S. Army Organizational Development Army History and development The Army’s history includes many unique global events such as World War I and II, the Vietnam War, the Korean conflict and most recently operations Desert Storm and Iraqi Freedom. An in depth study of these historical events is beyond the scope of this paper however, the origin of the Army is relevant in discussing the Army’s overall culture. According to David W. Hogan’s historical text Centuries of Service cited on the United States Army’s website the United States Army was born on 14 June 1775 (Hogan, 2004). Members of the early Army forces were largely volunteers drawn from local militias. In light of conflict with the British Army the Second Continental Congress recognized that a regular military force was necessary if the colonials were to have any hope of standing up to the British Army. On 14 June, Congress adopted the New England army besieging Boston as an American army and authorized the recruitment of soldiers from various colonial states to form the Continental Army. This emerging Continental Army provided the permanent nucleus of a force that would be supplemented by local militia units. ... ...er 11, 2009, from the Center of Military History website http://www.army.mil/cmh/reference/CSAList/list2.htm Hogan, D. (2004). Centuries of Service. Retrieved September 11, 2009, from the Center of Military History website http://www.army.mil/cmh/reference/CSAList/list1.htm http://www.train.army.mil). http://www.goarmy.com/about/ranks_insignia_officer.jsp http://www.goarmy.com/about/enlisted_soldiers_officers.jsp Kazin, M.. (2004, June 28).. U.S. News & World Report, 136 (23), p72. Retrieved September 11, 2009, from Academic Search Premier database. Lodi, S. (1998, November 26). Reflections on Army Culture. Retrieved September 11, 2009, Â  from http://defencejournal.com/jan99/reflection.htm Rumsfeld, D. (2004, September 10). Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld speaks about Iraq at the National Press Club in Washington. Retrieved September 11, 2009, from http://usinfo.state.gov/is/ Schrader. E. (2003, June 28). US push for global police force. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 11, 2009, from http://www.wsu.edu:8001/vcwsu/commons/topics/culture/culture-definitions/geertz-text.html http://www.prisonplanet.com/us_push_for_global_peace_force.html

Negotiation Strategy Analysis Essay

Negotiation strategies are used to make negotiations successful. Depending on the type of situation, the negotiations may differ in tactics. This essay will examine two articles different in strategies that use integrative tactics. One article will have a distributive strategy (win-lose), and the other article will have an integrative strategy (win-win). The tactics used in the articles will be related to a work setting involving prospective buyers and apartment companies to create a negotiation in a win-win outcome. Article I – Hostage Takeover Negotiation  This article is about the strategy and tactics used in a hostage takeover. Several tactics have been used in hostage takeovers throughout the years. The strategic strategies are about who holds the power. Some strategies show the hostage taker that the negotiator or the police have the power by taking items away from the hostage taker. Some items that can be taken away are the power to the building and the hostage taker’s ability to negotiate. This type of negotiation can create aggression in the hostage taker. This aggression can lead to an unsuccessful negotiation. In the following example, a different type of strategy is used in a hostage situation. According to Justin Borowsky (2011), a strategy that helps to build the relationship between the negotiator and the hostage taker can bring a favorable outcome. Instead of aggravating the hostage taker, a negotiator can gain the trust and support of the hostage taker. This type of negotiation is a distributive strategy (win-lose) using integrative tactics. The tactics used to gain this relationship is to build rapport by affirmation of the hostage taker’s power. This rapport and affirmation helps the hostage taker to believe he is in control. As the rapport is built, the hostage taker starts to look on the negotiator as his friend. The hostage taker starts to trust the negotiator and listens to alternatives and starts to plan for a good outcome. The negotiator displays a we-are-in-this-together scenario to the hostage taker. This scenario helps to form conversational flexibility creating the officer to obtain a role that has him working collaboratively with the hostage taker. As the officer builds the relationship with the hostage taker, the hostage taker starts to listen and works collectively with the officer to find alternatives to hurting the hostages and obtaining what he or she needs. The officer also is uncovering the needs of the hostage taker to assist in making a smooth transaction. These strategies and tactics have led to a positive outcome for the hostage and a successful negotiation with the hostage taker. The outcome is more of a distributing negotiation as the negotiator wins and the hostage taker loses. Article II – Disabled Individuals and Home Builders This article consists of the negotiation between house builders and the disabled buyers. In this negotiation, the builder has to understand the interests and the needs of the disabled buyer to have a successful outcome to the negotiations. The disabled population consists of 8. 5 million people. Builders are starting to realize that the disabled persons are also customers. The previous thought pattern on the disabled was that the state takes care of them. This is not true. Disabled individuals lead lives in the same manner as nondisabled persons. A disabled person has the ability and the need for home ownership. The disabled population has had tough negotiations with building houses to meet the needs of his or her disability. The builders will allow an individual to make changes to the initial house plan to suit his or her needs. However, many disabled buyers have a difficult time with builders who do not understand the needs of the disabled. The negotiation process is oftentimes a long process to fully uncover the buyer’s needs. This type of negotiation is an integrative bargaining strategy. An integrative bargaining strategy allows both parties to gain a beneficial outcome (Lewicki, Saunders, & Barry, 2006). With changes to the house design to fulfill the needs of the disability, a disabled person can appreciate the dream of owning a home. The changes that disable persons need in a house, most builders think are extras. The builders are willing to make the changes; however, the changes made do cost the disabled person extra money (Burns, 2004). Compare and Contract Strategies The two articles addressed in this essay are very different negotiation. However, both of the negotiations have the same tactics in relationship building to have a successful outcome. In the hostage takeover, the negotiator built a relationship on trust and we-can-do-this-together attitude. In the disabled house building, the disabled person built a relationship with the builder to gain the trust and respect needed to accomplish the goal. Another tactic used was interest based bargaining. In both articles the parties addressed the interest of the other party. This interest-based bargaining assisted in the success of the negotiations. The difference between these two articles in the negotiation was the distributive outcome versus the integrative outcome. In the hostage takeover article, the negotiator was gaining the relationship and trust of the hostage taker to gain ground to take the hostage taker out of commission before he killed or hurt a hostage. This trust and relationship building was essential but was also not a true picture of the negotiator. The negotiator had no intentions of continuing the relationship after the success of obtaining the hostage. The builder and the disabled person’s relationship was a true friendship. This relationship could continue throughout the years. Current Work Setting The above two articles relate to the negotiations of a buyer obtaining residential housing through relationship building. Both articles express the tactic of listening skills, relationship building, trust, and uncovering the needs of the other party. When a prospective renter is shopping for a place to live, his or her needs are the most important. However, the needs of the rental company are also important. By entering into an integrative negotiation, both parties can have a successful outcome. For example, a prospect may be looking for a two-bedroom apartment that has a washer and drying already in the unit. The prospect may also be looking to stay under $650 in rent. The apartment company may have apartments that have washer and dryer hookups but not washer and dryers in the unit. The apartment company can elect to listen to the need of the prospect and rent the washer and dryer for the unit. The apartment company can also offer the prospect an apartment that will be within the prospect’s budget. This type of negotiation will continue to build the rapport between the prospect and the apartment company during the prospect’s residency. Conclusion Some distributive negotiations can use the tactics of the integrative strategy in negotiations as shown in the hostage takeover. Good listening skills, uncovering needs of the other party, and gaining trust will lead to a successful negotiation. No matter which type of negotiation is to occur, preparation by uncovering the needs and wants of the other party will help a negotiator gain leverage and success in the negotiation.

Ethics in Research Essay

While conducting research or writing professional articles or papers, it is expected that one meets certain laid-down ethical guidelines. Ethics in research has become one of the most essential topics in academia, and areas of scientific dishonesty have been identified. In my opinion, the areas of scientific dishonesty should be ranked as follows, starting with the most serious to the least serious violation: 1. Fabrication and falsification 2. Plagiarism 3. Faulty data gathering procedures 4. Non-publication of data 5. Sneaky publication practices 6. Poor data storage and retention 7. Misleading authorship Fabrication and falsification of data is publishing information or basing research on events that did not occur at all (Reskin, 2010). Under falsification, overstated numbers, alteration of data, inclusion of personal biases and misinterpretation of literature are the forms of scientific dishonesty. When fabrication and falsification have been done, works produced do not have a basis or any truth in them; and therefore mislead the readers (Reskin, 2010). This could have very serious consequences; basing literature on lies therefore misinforming the public. It therefore comes first in the list. Plagiarism is the use of copyrighted materials or generally other people’s without acknowledging their contribution (Indiana University, 2004). It is very unethical not to give credit to people who struggled to produce work, and a researcher or a professional writer would be claiming to be the originator of the ideas if he or she does not acknowledge the actual producers of literature material. It comes second in my list of scientific dishonesties (Indiana University, 2004). Faulty data gathering is third, since if data collected is not precise or accurate, the conclusions are going to be force; and the effect is like that of falsification (Callahan, & Hobbs, 1998). At number four is non-publication of data, which occurs when data is suppressed. It is unethical to ignore exceptions even in cases where nothing conclusive has been established from research, since finding out nothing is just as important as finding out something. If the results are withheld, future researches may be conducted with the same mistakes (Callahan, & Hobbs, 1998). Sneaky publication practices come in at number five since it withdraws a large measure of integrity or authenticity of information (Gregory, 20003). At number six is poor data storage and retention practices since in this way, information, no matter how valuable, is easily lost, therefore undermining the impact of research and writing. I chose misleading authorship as the least serious area of scientific dishonesty through ethical violations knowing that since it gives people claim for projects they did not fully participate in; it does not have effect on the quality of information (Jefferies, 2004). Informed consent is a term used in the ethical or legal context to indicate that the consent a person gives regarding certain events or activities involving him or her meet certain minimum standards (Reskin, 2010). An informed consent is issued by a person to indicate that he or she is fully aware and that he or she clearly understands and appreciates the facts related to the event, its implications and finally, its long term impact. The purpose of informed consents is to make sure that people are not coerced or forcibly involved in activities against their wish. People must also be made fully aware of the procedures they are to be involved in; and the potential risks from such. People allowed to give informed consents must first be proved to possess properly functioning intuitive and mental faculties (Reskin, 2010). People who are impaired by factors and diseases such as mental retardation, potentially damaging mental illnesses, intoxication from substances like alcohol, acute sleep deprivation, Alzheimer’s disease or a being in a comma are not allowed to give informed consents. Without an informed consent, it would be ethically and legally wrong to perform some acts on an individual (Callahan, & Hobbs, 1998). People who are not in a position to give informed consents for either of the above mentioned reasons or by virtue of being too young generally have other people acting on their behalf give informed consents for them (Jefferies, 1999). For example, a parent or a guardian can give an informed consent relating to their children. The same applies for mentally incapacitated people or people in a comma; like a husband can give an informed consent on behalf of his wife when she is in a comma. Treatment of human subjects must be ethical and respectful at all times. The rights of human subjects are protected by the justice system; and there is a standing requirement that all research projects involving human subjects must first be approved by the Institutional Review Board (Gregory, 2003). Federal Law also has provisions to protect human subjects from abuse by researchers, and the American Psychological Association (APA) has well documented standards of ethics which researchers must abide by while handling human subjects (Gregory, 2003). The above guidelines are meant to ensure that human specimens are treated with the respect they deserve and are not exposed to risks without their consent. It is required that they be informed of all the details of research procedures, the risks that may arise and any potential long term effects of the research (Callahan, & Hobbs, 1998). The research must also be tailored in such a way that it benefits them in one way or another. Their justice should also be assured. Investigators or researchers first have the responsibility of making sure that they study the ethical acceptability of procedures they intent to apply on human subjects; and they must also respect a human subject’s wish to accept or decline involvement in a research, and their choice to withdraw if the need arises (Callahan, & Hobbs, 1998). If undesirable side effects result, it is the responsibility of the researcher to remedy the situation. Animal subjects, despite the fact that they cannot give informed consents, also have rights which are protected; and their use in research is also governed by some ethical standards. First of all, the use of animal subjects in research should be justified (Reskin, 2010). Animals should not be used in projects that are not going to yield anything useful to the human society. Secondly, animal subjects should be properly handled. Any studies conducted on them should not alter their natural functionality or harm them in irreversible ways. Proper living environments and sufficient food should be provided to animals under captivity, and animals should only be handled by sufficiently trained personnel (Reskin, 2010). Research should be optimized to reduce pain and harm on animal subjects, and it is important that the animals are legally acquired and the research given the go ahead by the authorities. It is also an ethical requirement that humane treatment of animals in research institutions is ensured at all times (Reskin, 2010). Animal rights activists have been on the forefront of campaigning for the abolition of vivisection, or at least humane treatment of animal subjects. References Callahan, T. , & Hobbs, R. (1998). Research Ethics. Retrieved May 8, 2010, from http://depts.washington. edu/bioethx/topics/resrch. html Gregory, I. (2003). Ethics in Research. New York: Continuum. Indiana University. (2004). Plagiarism: What it is and How to Recognize and Avoid it. Retrieved May 9, 2010, from http://www. indiana. edu/~wts/pamphlets/plagiarism. shtml Jefferies, S. (1999). Ethical Issues in Research. Retrieved May 9, 2010, from http://www. cwu. edu/~jefferis/PEHL557/pehl557_ethics. html Resnik, D. (2010). What is Ethics in Research & Why is It Important? Retrieved May 8, 2010, from http://www. niehs. nih. gov/research/resources/bioethics/whatis. cfm